He aha nā mea hoʻohana o Zeolite Catalysts

He aha nā mea hoʻohana o Zeolite Catalysts?

Hōʻike ka Zeolite catalysts i ka hana koʻikoʻi i ka acid catalysis, shape-selective catalysis, a me ka oxidation catalysis, e paipai ana i ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me ka pono o nā kaʻina hana ʻenehana he nui. E ʻimi kākou i nā noi kikoʻī o nā zeolite catalysts ma nā ʻoihana like ʻole.

ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o Zeolites ma ke ʻano he Catalysts

• Nā hiʻohiʻona hoʻolālā: Hoʻokumu ʻia nā Zeolites me TO₄tetrahedra, e hana ana i na pores mau me na anawaena pore malalo o 1 nanometer. ʻO kā lākou mau topologies like ʻole (eg, FAU, MFI, etc.) hāʻawi i nā ala kūʻokoʻa no nā hopena catalytic. No ka la'ana, 'o ka FAU -structured Y-type zeolite molecular sieve, me kona 'ekolu-dimensional, he 'umikūmālua-pores apo apo, he kūpono ia no ka pohā macromolecular a he mea nui i ka ho'oma'ema'e 'aila.
• ʻO nā pono hana: Loaʻa i nā Zeolite ka acidity hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia, me kā lākou silica alumina ratio e pili ana i ka ikaika waikawa, e hoʻololi i nā pono catalytic like ʻole. A loaʻa nō hoʻi ke kūpaʻa wela kiʻekiʻe a hiki ke hana paʻa i nā wela kiʻekiʻe. Hōʻike nā Zeolites i ke ʻano ikaika-nā waiwai catalytic koho. No ka la'ana, 'o ka 'umi -pores apo apo o ZSM-5 zeolite e ho'omalu pono i ke komo 'ana a me ka puka 'ana o nā molekole reactant, me ka ho'omaika'i 'ana i ke koho huahana.

Nā mea hoʻoheheʻe Zeolite i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻaila

• ʻO -type zeolite (FAU structure) molecular sieve ke kumu o nā mea hoʻoheheʻe FCC. ʻO kāna mau kaha ʻekolu-ʻumikūmālua-mehameha apo i kūpono no ka pohā aila kaumaha a hāʻawi i ka hana kiʻekiʻe. ʻO nā ʻenehana hoʻololi e like me ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka honua ion exchange a me ka dealuminized Ultra -Stable Y (USY) e hoʻonui hou i kona kūpaʻa a me ke koho ʻana, a hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā mea kanu FCC a puni ka honua.
• Ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻoheheʻe, ʻo Y-type zeolite molecular sieves, me ko lākou ʻāpana ili kikoʻī kiʻekiʻe a me nā wahi ʻakika, e hāʻawi i nā wahi catalytic kūpono no ka hydrocracking i loko o ka aila kaumaha a me ke koena o ka ʻaila. No ka la'ana, i loko o ka 'aila hydrocracking unit, Y-type zeolite molecular sieves hiki ke loa'a ka nui o ka ho'ololi 'aila ma luna o 80%, ma laila e ho'onui ai i ka aila māmā.
• Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo ZSM-5 zeolite (MFI structure) molecular sieve ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻohui no ka hōʻemi ʻana i nā olefins ma FCC a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hana propylene. ʻO kāna pores apo apo ʻumi lālā e hoʻomalu pono i ke ala pane. ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka 10% ZSM-5 hiki ke hoʻonui i nā hua propylene ma luna o 9%, e hoʻomaikaʻi nui i ka ʻoihana hoʻomaʻemaʻe a hoʻolilo iā ia i mea hoʻohui waiwai i nā kaʻina FCC hou.

Nā mea hoʻoheheʻe Zeolite i loko o ka ʻaila ʻaila

• Para-xylene synthesis: ʻO ke ʻano-collective catalysis o ZSM-5 zeolite molecular sieves e hiki ai i ka para-xylene selectivity oi aku ma mua o 90%, e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia e ke kaʻina hana PxMaxSM a Mobil, e hoʻokiʻekiʻe ana i ka hana kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ka hui pū ʻana o ka mordenite a me ZSM -5, e like me ke kaʻina hana ʻelua-moe XyMaxTM, hoʻonui i nā hua para-xylene a hoʻemi i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ikehu.
• Hana ʻia ʻo Ethylbenzene a me cumene: ʻO ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka ʻakika wai kuʻuna me ka ZSM -5 zeolite molecular sieve (gas phase process) a me ka zeolite molecular sieve (liquid phase process) he ʻoluʻolu a maikaʻi. No ka la'ana, ho'ohana ka 'enehana ho'ohua ethylene -to-ethylbenzene i nā kānana molekula nano MFI, no ka ho'oulu 'ana i ka 'oihana.
• Catalytic oxidation: Ma ke ʻano he catalyst, TS-1 titanium silicalite molecular sieve hoʻohana ʻia i ka hana ʻana o propylene oxide (HPPO). A i ka hana ʻana o ka caprolactam, TS-1 molecular sieve catalyzes the oximation of cyclohexanone, oiai Silicalite-1 molecular sieve catalyzes the Beckmann rearrangement.

ʻO nā mea hoʻoheheʻe Zeolite i loko o ke kemika maikaʻi

• Pyridine base synthesis: Multistage pore zeolite molecular sieve catalysts hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻoili nui ʻana, haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, a hōʻemi i nā hopena ʻaoʻao, hoʻonui nui i ka maikaʻi a me ka hua.
• Diethanolamine synthesis: ZSM-5 zeolite molecular sieves e hoʻopaʻa i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o triethanolamine, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maʻemaʻe o ka huahana a me ke koho ʻana, e hōʻemi ana i ka ikehu a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea, e kūlike me ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā kemika maikaʻi.
• Hydroquinone synthesis: ʻO ka TS-1/H₂O₂hoʻokahi -kaʻina hana (EniChem kaʻina) loaʻa i ka helu hoʻololi phenol o 30% a me ke koho ʻoi aku ma mua o 90%, kahi e hoʻopau ai i nā ʻanuʻu hoʻololi lehulehu a me ka nui o ka solvent i hoʻohana ʻia i nā kaʻina hana kuʻuna.

Nā mea hoʻoheheʻe Zeolite i loko o ke kemika lanahu

• Methanol to olefins (MTO): SAPO -34 zeolite (CHA structure, 0.4nm octahedral pores) molecular sieve i hoohana ia i ka DMTO technology, S-MTO technology utilizes nano-sheet SAPO-34, e paipai ana i ka ulu ana o ka oihana olefins lanahu.
• Methanol to gasoline (MTG): ZSM{3}}5 molecular sieve (Mobil technology) hoʻololi maikaʻi i ka methanol i loko o ka ʻaila, e loaʻa ana ka helu hoʻololi ma mua o 90%. Hāʻawi kāna koho ʻaila kiʻekiʻe i ke kākoʻo ʻenehana koʻikoʻi no ka hana ʻana i nā wahie wai e pili ana i ka lanahu.
• ʻO Syngas i nā olefins: Ua haki ka oxide/SAPO-34 composite catalyst i ka palena koho o Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, e loaʻa ana i ka C2-C4 olefin i ʻoi aku ma mua o 80%, e wehe ana i kahi ala hou no ka hana ʻana i nā huahana kiʻekiʻe i hoʻohui ʻia i ka ʻoihana kemika.

Zeolite Catalysts I loko o ka Environmental Chemical

• NH₃-SCR denitrification: Cu-SSZ-13 molecular sieve (CHA structure) e pani ana i na catalysts kuʻuna, e hāʻawi ana i ka puka makani ākea a me ka hydrothermal stability. Ke hoʻohana ʻia i ka lāʻau hoʻopau diesel, hāʻawi ia i ka pono denitrification kiʻekiʻe, e kamaʻilio ana NO_xhaumia.
• Lapaʻau VOC: Hoʻohana ʻia ka MCM-41 molecular sieve adsorbent no ka mālama ʻana i nā mea hoʻohuihui kūlohelohe (VOC). Hāʻawi kona ʻano macroporous a me kahi kikoʻī kikoʻī kiʻekiʻe i ka mana adsorption ikaika, hiki ke hoʻoneʻe ʻia ka VOC ma luna o 90%, e hōʻemi pono i ka pollution ea.
• Hoʻomaʻamaʻa wai: ZSM-5 molecular sieve ua hoʻohana ʻia no ka adsorption metala kaumaha i ka wai ʻino. Hāʻawi kona pore i ka adsorption koho o nā ion kūikawā (e like me ke keleawe a me ke alakaʻi a me nā mea ʻē aʻe), e hāʻawi ana i kahi ala hou no ka mālama ʻana i ka wai.